There is so much
that we do not understand of the ancient Hebrew culture, Does that significantly
skew our view and perception of the Holy Scriptures to the point where our
lives look radically different from what they should? I would probably say yes.
Should we be quick to glean and reap further comprehension of the Hebrews’
scenario especially by means of those who have poured themselves into studies
in this area? Again, I would respond with a yes. However, I am concerned that
some of Ellen Davis’s reasoning and assumptions in Scripture, Culture, and Agriculture might be ill founded. In
Chapter two she discusses the land and agrarian situation of the early Israelites.
She refers to the land that was promised
by Jehovah as a “narrow and precariously balanced ecological niche” (p. 26) and
a “steep and semiarid land.” (p. 26) She paints a portrait of ancient Palestine
as vulnerable and nearly unsustainable. Now, this works when an author is
trying to herald the cause of farming being solely reliant on God and
“sustainable” practices (I really do not know how much ancient people cared for
the biosphere. I am sure they did not want to die, which required land to be
fertile for generations, but I cannot summarize more than that so I won’t.).
Anyways, the point I am getting at is the proposed fragility of the land that
the Israelites settled that Davis implies. I guess in my mind ancient Israel
was a bit more, well, fertile. From reading the Bible (which, I will admit that
I probably have some incorrect views and understandings of a lot of it but
nevertheless), I thought the Promised Land was “flowing with milk and honey” as
God promised (Exodus 3:8, Exodus 33:3, and Leviticus 20:24) and as the Hebrew
scouts reported (Numbers 13:27) and where a single cluster of grapes had to be
carried by two men on a pole (Numbers 13:20) Wasn’t it actually in the fertile
crescent?
It looks like it was to me. The
argument could be made that the Israelites possessed only that tiny portion
between the Mediterranean and the Jordan River. But, Davis is talking about the
inspiration of Scripture as she says, “The Bible as we have it could not be
written alongside the irrigation canals of Babylon.” (p. 26) Babylon is
situated right on the Euphrates, which, ironically, is exactly where the LORD
wanted His people to settle. This is clearly seen when El Shaddai promises Abram’s
descendants the “land, from the Wadi of Egypt to the great river, the
Euphrates.” (Genesis 15:18) and again in Exodus 23:31 where I AM says, “I will
establish your borders from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea, and from the
desert to the Euphrates River.” This land promised by God actually covers a
large portion of the Fertile Crescent. Now, another difficulty might be made
for the fertility of the Fertile Crescent over the ages. I have heard that it
has lost its productivity over time and so maybe it just wasn’t productive by
the time the Hebrews took the land. However, in my BRIEF (I will be honest
about this) research into this topic I found otherwise. According to National
Geographic, the Fertile Crescent has been drained of its vigor by dams and
drains “implemented since the 1970’s” (http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/05/0518_crescent.html).
I would really love to get more people’s insight into this topic to let me know
if I am wrong. Because the rest of Davis’s argument makes sense when she talks
about having to desperately rely on God for sustenance. The parallels and
conclusions drawn seem to be profitable from her accounts. I just think it is
worrisome when good advice is grounded in bad soil. Facts, knowledge, and
insight would be much appreciated on this topic.
Micah,
ReplyDeleteTo summarize, you agree that biblical scholars and ancient historians like Davis have much to teach contemporary readers about ancient Hebrew civilization, and about dependency on the Earth for sustenance. However, you are skeptical about her interpretation that the Israeli people were concerned about sustainability.
Let’s unpack your counter-argument a bit. First, you say that you doubt that the ancient Hebrew people lived with “sustainability” in mind. Certainly, they did not think like modern-day environmentalists. And of course you’re right that the contents of the biosphere were far from their minds. Do you think it’s fair to say that the vision God gave people for living in concert with the created order was one of respect and given-ness? However, this is not Davis's point. She is claiming that an open-handed respect for the Earth and its fragility demand from its respecters thought about its current and long-term health.
Regarding your questions about the fertility of Canaan vs. the fragility of the Promised Land, it is important to get your Old Testament timeline and maps in order. Please check out the map linked to below and re-read your second paragraph again. I’d be interested to hear how your questions differ with map and timeline in hand.
http://www.foundationsforfreedom.net/References/OT/OTSurvey/OT_Maps_Survey.html
-Prof. Stipp
Thanks for the insight and sources. I would like to chat about what I think sometime. I would agree with you that God has commanded of us to respect the land (earth). I would say that is an essential theme in the overarching virtue of stewardship.
DeleteMicah,
ReplyDeleteTo summarize, you agree that biblical scholars and ancient historians like Davis have much to teach contemporary readers about ancient Hebrew civilization, and about dependency on the Earth for sustenance. However, you are skeptical about her interpretation that the Israeli people were concerned about sustainability.
Let’s unpack your counter-argument a bit. First, you say that you doubt that the ancient Hebrew people lived with “sustainability” in mind. Certainly, they did not think like modern-day environmentalists. And of course you’re right that the contents of the biosphere were far from their minds. Do you think it’s fair to say that the vision God gave people for living in concert with the created order was one of respect and given-ness? However, this is not Davis's point. She is claiming that an open-handed respect for the Earth and its fragility demand from its respecters thought about its current and long-term health.
Regarding your questions about the fertility of Canaan vs. the fragility of the Promised Land, it is important to get your Old Testament timeline and maps in order. Please check out the map linked to below and re-read your second paragraph again. I’d be interested to hear how your questions differ with map and timeline in hand.
http://www.foundationsforfreedom.net/References/OT/OTSurvey/OT_Maps_Survey.html
-Prof. Stipp